How to Read Real-Time Typhoon Track Maps? What Do Line Colors and Circle Sizes Mean?
TyphoonSays·防御问答 · Typhoon knowledge · 更新 at 2026-10-03
In the face of an approaching typhoon, understanding real-time track maps is the first step in preparing for disaster prevention. This seemingly complex chart is actually a "typhoon action guide" calculated by meteorological departments based on satellite cloud imagery, radar echoes, and numerical models. For ordinary residents, there is no need to master profound meteorological principles; by focusing on core elements, you can quickly assess risk levels.
Line Colors: The Typhoon's "Intensity ID"
The winding curve on the track map represents the path the typhoon center has already traveled and its predicted future route. The color of the line intuitively reflects the intensity level of the typhoon at different points in time. According to the national standard for tropical cyclone grades issued by the China Meteorological Administration (CMA), colors typically correspond to increasing wind strength from light to dark:
- Tropical Depression/Tropical Storm: Usually represented by light colors (such as white or light blue). At this stage, winds are relatively weak, but rainfall may occur.
- Severe Tropical Storm/Typhoon: Colors gradually shift to yellow or orange, indicating significantly stronger winds and the onset of destructive potential.
- Severe Typhoon/Super Typhoon: Often displayed in red or deep purple, representing maximum sustained winds near the center reaching Force 14 or higher. These systems are extremely destructive and require high alertness.
It is important to note that color changes not only represent current intensity but also hint at the typhoon's development trend. If the line color darkens rapidly, it indicates that the typhoon is intensifying quickly, potentially shortening the window for defensive preparations.
Circle Sizes: The "Probability Range" of Uncertainty
Many users wonder why there are always one or more circles around the typhoon center point. These circles do not indicate the physical size of the typhoon itself, but rather represent the "uncertainty range of the track forecast" or the "radii of wind circles (Force 7/10)."
- Error Range Circles: On the predicted path, larger circles indicate higher uncertainty in the meteorological model's prediction of the typhoon center's location at that specific time. As the forecast lead time increases (e.g., after 72 or 96 hours), the circles usually become larger because long-term forecasting is much more difficult than short-term forecasting.
- Wind Circle Radii: Some professional charts use concentric circles of different sizes to mark the impact areas of Force 7, 10, or 12 winds. Even if the typhoon center does not pass directly over your location, you may still suffer from gales and heavy rain if you are within the high-wind circle. Therefore, do not just focus on the center point; pay closer attention to whether your location falls within the covered wind circle area.
Scientific Defense, Adapted to Local Conditions
After understanding the track map, the key lies in taking action. When a typhoon enters the warning zone or when corresponding warning signals are issued, you should reduce outdoor activities, reinforce doors and windows, and stock up on supplies. It is particularly important to note that specific regulations regarding school suspensions, work stoppages, and transport halts may vary by region; please refer to announcements from local governments. Do not rely solely on the track map to judge risks; take action based on the latest warning signals issued by local meteorological departments.
Real-time typhoon tracks can be queried at TyphoonSays (taifengshuo.com)
This article is original educational content from TyphoonSays. Please refer to the latest official announcements from local governments for policy standards.